French Lesson Does Tandis Que Need the Subjunctive

Does  tandis que  need the subjunctive or is it indicative? This is a common question among French students and theres an easy answer. The primary thing you must keep in mind is that the subjunctive relies on uncertainty and there is none in  tandis que, which means while. Does  Tandis Que  Require the Subjunctive? No, tandis que does not take the subjunctive.  Tandis que  means while or as; something is happening at the same time as something else. Je cuisine tandis quelle  nettoie.I cook while she cleans. The general rule that we are taught about the subjunctive  in French is that there needs to be a level of ambiguity to the statement. In the case of our example, there is no question that I am cooking or that she is cleaning and that the two actions occur at the same time. Elle faisait ses devoirs tandis que je lisais un livre.She was doing her homework while I was reading a book. Likewise, few people could dispute the following statement: Even though the cause of the fire may be in question, the fact that I was in bed when it started is not a matter of debate. Le feu a commencà © tandis que jà ©tais au lit.The fire started while I was in bed. This is the same issue that arises with  pendant que, which also means while. The two phrases are stating a fact and, therefore, are indicative. Il tond la pelouse tandis quelle plante des fleurs.He mows the lawn while she plants flowers.Il attend pendant quils  rà ©parent la voiture.He is waiting while they repair the car.

The World Of Color, By Theu.s Marshals - 1784 Words

The U.S Marshals They’re faceless, while protecting her but they also box her in. The depiction of the guards, visually frame her and defines her space, just as they do conceptually. Conceptually, the American society consists of a multitude of advantages that are viewed as â€Å"the way it is†, unconsciously, oppressing the minorities in ways consisting in areas of opportunity: education, housing and jobs. Society has a subtle way of selling the â€Å"American Dream†: getting a chance so unique, that it only exists in a single country. Dreams are not limited; freedom, success, opportunity, perseverance, equality, justice, and safety for all. Growing up, in the world of color, it is extremely rare to exceed the social barrier when it comes to†¦show more content†¦My mother on the other hand, received her bachelors (equivalent to associate degree) from the University of Guyana in teacher education. Nobody, like my grandmother was advocate for higher education. She always say in her little accent â€Å"Gyal, there ain’t nothing like dem books!† The public education availability in the United States, in my family eyes was a way to achieve your goals in life. But, my parents were very transparent of how hard it would be for someone with color of my skin. As a little girl, my family tried in any way they could to shelter us from all the prejudices of the world. They taught me to set my limits beyond the moon, surpass the sun, because there was no abolishment in learning, in accumulating as much knowledge as one can get. But, they also instilled that whatever I wanted in life I would have to earn it and it wasn t going to be easy; I would have to fight the battle, and rise above the standards that were branded upon me. The stereotypical views that are associated with being from Brooklyn are linked to aspects of poverty. People who live in poverty rarely have ways of getting what they need done; or they become reliant on government handouts, drug dealers on almost every corner, crimes or any other stereotypical images that are depicted in Spike

The Impact the Economy Has on Zoos in the Us Free Essays

The Impact the Economy has on Zoos in the US Throughout the course of this semester, I have learned much about macroeconomics. I came into this class knowing and understanding very little about this topic and found it very hard to grasp at first. As the weeks passed, I found myself starting to understand it a little better than previously once I started to apply it to a topic that interested me. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact the Economy Has on Zoos in the Us or any similar topic only for you Order Now Being able to choose a topic to write this paper on was a very good way to get students, like myself, to actually look into real life scenarios and apply what we have learned. This is what I will be doing throughout the course of this paper. The topic I chose to apply the concepts I have learned throughout class is the effect the economy has on zoos in the United States. Zoos have been affected dramatically since our economy has started to decline. This decline has affected many, many companies, businesses, and people. Because of all this the zoos have suffered greatly over the past few years. Many different examples of zoos and how they were affected will be given throughout this paper to show the enormity of the situation they are currently in. All of the terms I use throughout this paper have been learned from my Macroeconomics book by the authors McConnell, Brue, and Flynn as cited at the end of this paper. Having said this, I am ready to talk about two struggling zoos and what cutbacks they were forced to make. The first zoo I would like to talk about is the Bronx Zoo in New York. This zoo is the largest urban zoo in the country and it has been hit hard by the dropping economy. With New York being such a large city, the state and city budgets have been cut drastically. This makes the zoo have to cut things out of their budget as well like people, exhibits, and even the animals themselves. The labor force at the zoo has been cut by 15%, this was 186 people who are not out of a job like so many others across the country. Just some more names to add to the unemployment list I guess. The zoo also had to close three of its exhibits. The animals from the exhibits were sent all over the country to others zoos that could afford to take them in (Luhby). Not only do these cuts affect the zoo itself, but it also affects the economy as a whole in New York. It is estimated that four million visitors come through the gates of the Bronx and the New York Aquarium each year. In the Fiscal year of 2008, the zoo hired 800 seasonal employees and they are the largest youth employers in the Bronx (Wildlife Conservation Society). This provides a very positive impact on the area and now that they had their nominal income lessened, these jobs are no longer available for these people to have. These are just some of the problems the Bronx Zoo is facing, but what about some other zoos? The Lincoln Park Zoo in Illinois has also been suffering with budget shortfalls like Bronx Zoo. Not only did they face cuts in their labor force and more than a million dollars cut from their budget, but they had to find other ways to make cuts as well (Mullen). They have been using substitute goods for feeding their animals. Blueberries are very expensive so they have not been buying them for their gorillas. They use these blueberries as treats, but since there is a lack of funds they have had to find other treats for them to eat. Choosing less expensive fruit is a small, but effective way to cut costs (Fountain). This is just another way another zoo was affected by the economies current state. Now that I gave you a few examples of how certain zoos are struggling, I would like to discuss just how they are impacted as a whole. There is an organization called the Association of Zoos and Aquariums or known as AZA. This organization sees over zoos all across the world. AZA hired a very recognized economist, Dr. Stephen Fuller to conduct a state-by-state economic analysis. This 21-page analysis has been used in many articles I have examined he seems to have a very strong grasp on just how the economy has affected these AZA accredited zoos. Examples of his findings from two different states will be discussed below. An example state was use to show just how much the economy was impacted by the zoos itself. Indiana brought in $84. 3 million for the national Gross Domestic Product alone. This created 947 jobs and allowed personal earnings to reach $30 million (Zoo Impact: Tens of Millions of Dollars, Hundreds of Jobs). Another example was the impact the Houston Zoo had on its’ surrounding area. Fuller said that in 2010, more than 2 million visitors were recorded to enter the gates. The operating budget at this time was around $28. million. I know that sounds like a lot to run a zoo, but in return they created an economic impact of $70. 7 million. Also in 2010, a capital budget of $24. 5 million generated an impact of $65. 9 million. This all totaled to a whopping $135. 97 million (Your Houston News). All this money is just on a state scale. Across the United States, 224 zoos were surveyed and in total they contribut ed $16 billion dollars to the Gross Domestic Product. That’s right, it is in the billions! It created around 142,000 jobs and their personal earnings were right around $4. billion (Zoo Impact: Tens of Millions of Dollars, Hundreds of Jobs). All of these numbers could increase if they simply had the funds. The economic crisis that we are in right now has caused their budgets to dwindle down and it does not just affect the zoo itself like I have shown. It affects the people whose jobs get cut because there isn’t enough money, animals lose their homes and get shipped away, and it causes zoos to make cutbacks on the food and care the animals are receiving. In whole, all of this affects the surrounding areas of the zoo and all who live there. This impact then affects the whole United States, impacting the Gross Domestic Product. People just think we can take away money from these zoos to help ourselves out, but in reality it is still hurting us. I’m not only concerned about how it affects us, but the animals are suffering as well. These animals were not asked to be given less food or smaller space to roam, but have to suffer the consequences of us humans not being able to care for them because of the economy. We do not always see how we affect the environment and things around us because we are too worried about ourselves. So not only did I take away knowing and understanding terms like GDP, Nominal income, and operating costs, but also on how each individual plays an important role in the economy. All of this has allowed me to understand just how we affect zoos because we are the economy. The economy is determined by our spending of money on goods and services and if we didn’t it would collapse completely like we are starting to witness with other countries today. ? Works Cited â€Å"Bronx Zoo, New York Aquarium and Other City Cultural Organizations Have Whale-Sized, Positive Impact on New York City Economy – Wildlife Conservation Society. WCS. org – Wildlife Conservation Society. 28 May 2009. Web. 08 Dec. 2011. . Fountain, Henry. â€Å"In Zoo Cuts, It’s Man vs. Beast. † Nytimes. com. 17 Mar. 2009. Web. 30 Nov. 2011. . Fuller, Steven S. â€Å"The Economic Impact of Spending for Operations and Construction by AZA-Accredited Zoos and Aquariums. † Aza. com. Mar. 2011. Web. 30 Nov. 2011. . â€Å"Houston Zoo’s Economic Impact Extends beyond Region, Study Says – Your Houston News: West University. † Your Houston News: Local Matters. 12 Aug. 2011. Web. 08 Dec. 2011. . Livingston, Guy. â€Å"The Economic Impact of The ZOO on the Northwest Florida Regional Economy. Uwf. edu. 15 Mar. 2004. Web. 30 Nov. 2011. . Luhby, Tami. â€Å"Zoo Animals Face Budget Knife. † CNNMoney – Business, Financial and Personal Finance News. 19 May 2011. Web. 30 Nov. 2011. . McConnell, Campbell R. , Stanley L. Brue, and Sean Masaki. Flynn. Macroeconomics: Principles, Problems, and Policies. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2009. Print. Mullen, William. â€Å"Lincoln Park Zoo Plans Cuts. † Chicago Breaking News. 14 Jan. 2009. Web. 08 Dec. 2011. . â€Å"Zoo Impact: Tens of Millions of Dollars, Hundreds of Jobs – Newsroom. † Inside INdiana Business with Gerry Dick. 28 June 2011. Web. 08 Dec. 2011. . How to cite The Impact the Economy Has on Zoos in the Us, Essay examples